Karaihe Pūnaha Tapawhā Hapaira – Papanga Hangarite mō te Tipu Hapaira Hanga

Karaihe Pūnaha Tapawhā Hapaira – He Papa Whakatakoto Tika mō te Tipu Hapaira Hanga Whakaahua Matua

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He wahi iti, he tino parakore te karaihe hapaira, he mea hanga ki te waikura konumohe kotahi-kiriata (Al₂O₃) hei tīmatanga mō te whakatipu i ngā kōpura hapaira nunui. He rite ki te "tauira", ka whakatau i te whakatakotoranga whatunga, te hanganga karaihe, me te kounga whānui o te hapaira hangai e hangaia ana mai i a ia.

Tukua mai he īmēra ki a mātou

Ngā Āhuatanga

Kauwhata Taipitopito o te Karaihe Kākano Hapaira

He Tirohanga Whānui mō te Karaihe Kākano Hapaira

He wahi iti, he tino parakore te karaihe hapaira, he mea hanga ki te waikura konumohe kotahi-kiriata (Al2O3) hei tīmatanga mō te whakatipu i ngā kōpura hapaira nunui. He rite ki te "tauira", ka whakatau i te whakatakotoranga whatunga, te hanganga karaihe, me te kounga whānui o te hapaira hangai e hangaia ana mai i a ia.
Ko te Tioata Kākano Hapira anake me te parakore 99.99% neke atu rānei me te hanganga tioata tino tika ka whakamahia, nā te mea ka whakawhiti tetahi hapa ki te sapira kua whakatipuria, ka pā ki tōna māramatanga whatu me te mahi ā-ringa. Ko ngā tioata kākano te turanga huna engari he mea nui i muri i ia hua sapira kounga teitei - mai i ngā papa LED me ngā papa semiconductor ki ngā whatu rererangi me ngā uhi mataaratanga papai.

Te Hanganga o ngā Kiriata Kākano Hapira

Ko te hanga i ngā tioata purapura hapaira hetukanga e whakahaeretia ana e te tino tikae whai wāhi ana ki ētahi mahi nui:

Kōwhiringa Hapaira Matua– Ka whiriwhiria ngā pōro hapaira nunui, kāore he koha, hei rauemi pūtake.
Te Whakatau i te Aronga o te Karaihe– Mā te whakamahi i te diffraction hihi-X, ka maherehia ngā ahunga tioata o te boule (papa-C, papa-A, papa-R, papa-M rānei).
Te Tapahi Tika– Mā ngā kani waea taimana, ngā pūnaha taiaho rānei ka tapahia te boule kia rite te takotoranga ki ngā anga iti, ki ngā tokotoko, ki ngā poraka tapawhā rānei.
Te Whakakanapa me te Tukatuka Mata– Ka whakakanapahia ia kākano ki te tino pai, ka rongoatia hoki ki te matū hei tango i ngā karawarawa moroiti, kia maeneene ai hoki te mata.
Te Horoi me te Mana Kounga– Mā te horoi matū ka whakakorea ngā poke, ā, ka tirotirohia ia purapura mō te tika o te whakatakotoranga, te parakore, me te hanganga pai i mua i te tuku.

Mā tēnei tukanga ka taea e ia karaihe hapaira te tu atu i te wera nui, ā, ka taea hoki te ārahi pono i te tipu o te hapaira hou.

Ngā Taupānga – Me pēhea te whakahohe a ngā tioata kākano hapaira i te tipu hapaira

Temahi takitahio ngā tioata purapura hapaira ko tewhakatipu hapaira hangai hou, engari he mea nui ēnei mō te nuinga o ngā tikanga hanga hapaira o ēnei rā.

Tikanga Kyropoulos (KY)
Ka whakanohoia te Tioata Kākano Hapira ki roto i te alumina rewa, ā, ka whakamatao haere, ka puta te hapira ki waho o te kākano. Ka puta i a KY ngā kōhao hapira nui, iti te ahotea, he mea tino pai mō ngā papa LED me ngā matapihi whatu.

Tikanga Czochralski (CZ)

Ka herea te Tioata Kākano Hapira ki tētahi tokotoko kukume, ka toua ki roto i te rauemi rewa, kātahi ka ata hikitia, ka hurihia. Ka "toia" te hapira mai i te rewa i te taha o te whatu o te kākano, ka hangaia he tioata tino ōrite mō te whakamahinga whatu me te pūtaiao.

Tikanga Whakawhiti Wera (HEM)
Kei raro i te para te Tioata Kākano Hāpira e takoto ana, ā, ka tipu ake te hāpira i te mea ka whakamatao te oumu i raro. Ka taea e HEM te hanga poraka hāpira nunui me te iti o te ahotea o roto, e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā matapihi rererangi me ngā whatu taiaho.

Te Tipu Whāngai Kiriata-Tautuhi-Taha (EFG)
Kei te taha o te pokepokea ai te tioata purapura hapaira; ka whāngai te alumina rewa mā te mahi kapia, ka whakatipu i te hapaira i roto i ngā āhua motuhake pēnei i te tokotoko, te ngongo, me ngā rīpene.

Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Karaihe Kākano Hapaira

P1: He aha te hiranga o ngā tioata purapura hapaira?
Ka tautuhia e rātou te takotoranga tioata me te hanganga whatunga o te hapaira kua whakatipuria, kia rite ai te āhua me te ārai i ngā hapa.

P2: Ka taea te whakamahi anō i ngā tioata purapura?
Tērā pea ka taea te whakamahi anō i ētahi kākano, engari ko te nuinga o ngā kaihanga e pai ake ana ki ngā kākano hou hei pupuri i te kounga me te karo i te poke.

P3: He aha ngā aronga e whakamahia whānuitia ana?
C-plane (mō ngā papa LED), A-plane, R-plane, me M-plane, i runga i te tono hapaira e hiahiatia ana.

Q4: Ko ēhea ngā tikanga whakatipu e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā tioata purapura?
Ngā tikanga hou nui katoa —KY, CZ, HEM, EFG— me whai tioata purapura.

Q5: He aha ngā ahumahi e whakawhirinaki ā-kore ana ki ngā tioata purapura?
Tetahi mara e whakamahi ana i te hapaira hangai —Rama LED, hikohiko haurua-ira, whatu tiaki, wati papai— i te mutunga ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā tioata purapura hapaira.

Mō Mātou

He tohunga a XKH ki te whakawhanake hangarau teitei, te whakaputa, me te hoko i ngā karāhe whatu motuhake me ngā rauemi tioata hou. E mahi ana ā mātou hua ki ngā hiko whatu, ki ngā hiko kaihoko, me te ope taua. E tuku ana mātou i ngā wāhanga whatu Sapphire, ngā taupoki arotahi waea pūkoro, ngā uku, LT, Silicon Carbide SIC, Quartz, me ngā anga karaihe haurua-ira. Me te tohungatanga pūkenga me ngā taputapu hou, e tino matatau ana mātou ki te tukatuka hua kore-paerewa, me te whai kia noho hei hinonga hangarau teitei rauemi optoelectronic matua.