mowhiti hapaira i hangaia ki te rauemi hapaira hangai. He mārama, he taea hoki te whakarite. He pakeke Mohs o te 9.
Tirohanga Whānui o ngā Rauemi
He rauemi i hangaia i roto i te taiwhanga te hapaira hangai, ā, he rite tonu te hanganga matū me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana ki te hapaira tūturu. I hangaia i raro i ngā tikanga whakahaere, ka tukuna e te hapaira hangai te ōritetanga, te parakore, me te mahi pai rawa atu. He rerekē ki ngā kohatu kua keria, kāore he mea whakauru me ētahi atu hapa tūturu, he mea tino pai mō ngā mahi ataahua me ngā mahi hangarau.
Ko ngā āhuatanga matua o te hapaira hangai ko:
1. Pakeke: Ko te hapaira hangai te tuaiwa i runga i te tauine Mohs, ko te tuarua anake i te taimana mō te ātete ki te rakuraku.
2. Mārama: Te māramatanga whatu teitei i roto i te whānuitanga e kitea ana me te whānuitanga pōkākā.
3. Te pakari: Ātete ki ngā pāmahana tino kino, te waikura matū, me te kakahu miihini.
4. Whakaritenga: He ngāwari te hanga me te rahi kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga motuhake.
Ngā Āhuatanga o te Hua
Hoahoa Mārama
He mārama rawa te mowhiti hapaira hangai, e āhei ai te āhua maeneene me te iti. Ka whakarei ake tōna māramatanga whatu i te taunekeneke mārama, kia ātaahua ai te tirohanga. Ka whakatuwherahia hoki e te māramatanga ngā huarahi mō ngā tono hangarau e hiahiatia ana te tirohanga, te tuku mārama rānei.
Ngā Ahu Whakarite
Ka taea te whakarite i te mowhiti kia rite ki ngā rahi e hiahiatia ana, kia taea ai te whakamahi i ngā momo whakamahinga. Ahakoa mō ngā whakapaipai whaiaro, mō ngā taonga whakaatu, mō ngā whakamātautau rānei, mā tēnei āhuatanga ka taea te whakamahi i ngā momo whakamahinga katoa.
Teitei o te Pakari me te Ātete ki te Rakuraku
He pakari Mohs tēnei mowhiti hapaira, arā, ko te 9, ā, he tino ātete ki ngā karawarawa me ngā pakaru. Ka mau tonu tōna mata kanapa ahakoa te whakamahinga roa, ā, he pai mō te mau i ia rā, i ngā taiao rānei e hiahia ana kia pakari.
Te Pūmautanga Matū me te Pūmautanga Wera
Kāore te hapaira hangai e pāngia e te nuinga o ngā matū, ā, ka roa te ora i roto i ngā taiao kino. Ka taea hoki e ia te tu atu i ngā pāmahana teitei me te kore e rerekē te āhua, ā, he pai mō ngā tono e hiahia ana kia pumau te pāmahana.
Ngā tono
He maha ngā whakamahinga o te mowhiti hapaira hangai, he mea whakapaipai, he mea mahi anō hoki:
Whakapaipai
Nā te mārama o tōna mata, ātete-rakuraku, he mea tino pai mō ngā mowhiti me ētahi atu taonga whakapaipai.
Mā te whakarite i te rahi ka taea te hanga hoahoa kua whakaritea kia rite ki ngā manakohanga takitahi.
Mā te pakari o te hapaira hangai ka roa te wā e mau tonu ai tōna āhua.
Ngā Taputapu Whatu
Nā te māramatanga whatu teitei o te hapaira hangai he mea whai hua mō ngā wāhanga whatu tino tika.
He tino pai te mārama me te pakari o te rauemi mō ngā karāhe arotahi, ngā matapihi, ngā uhi whakaaturanga rānei.
Rangahau Pūtaiao me te Whakamātautau
Nā te pakeke me te pumau o te hapaira hangai he rauemi pono mō ngā whakatakotoranga whakamātautau.
He pai mō ngā taiao pāmahana teitei, ngā taiao tauhohenga matū rānei, ina rahua pea ngā rauemi paerewa.
Whakaaturanga me te Whakaaturanga
Hei rauemi mārama, ka taea te whakamahi i te mowhiti mō ngā whakaaturanga mātauranga, ahumahi rānei, e whakaatu ana i ngā āhuatanga o te hapaira hangai.
Ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei whakaaturanga iti hei whakaatu i ngā āhuatanga o te rauemi.
Ngā Āhuatanga Rauemi
| Taonga | Uara | Whakaahuatanga |
| Rauemi | Hapira hangai | I hangaia i raro i ngā tikanga whakahaere kia rite tonu te kounga me te mahi. |
| Te mārō (tauine Mohs) | 9 | Tino ātete ki ngā karawarawa me ngā pakaru. |
| Māramatanga | Te māramatanga whatu teitei i roto i te tirohanga ki te whānuitanga tata-IR | E whakarato ana i te tirohanga mārama me te ataahua. |
| Kiato | ~3.98 karamu/cm³ | He rauemi māmā engari he rauemi kaha. |
| Te Arahi Wera | ~35 W/(m·K) | Te tohatoha wera whai hua i roto i ngā taiao uaua. |
| Ātete Matū | Kāore e pāngia e te nuinga o ngā waikawa, ngā kawakore, me ngā whakarewa | Ka whakarite i te pakari i roto i ngā āhuatanga matū kino. |
| Te Pūwāhi Rewa | ~2040°C | Ka taea te tu atu i ngā pāmahana tino kino. |
| Whakaritenga | Ngā rahi me ngā āhua e tino whakaritea ana | Ka taea te urutau ki ngā hiahia motuhake o te kaiwhakamahi, ki ngā tono rānei. |
Tukanga Hanga
Ka hangaia te hapaira hangai mā te whakamahi i ngā tukanga matatau pērā i ngā tikanga Kyropoulos, Verneuil rānei. Ka tāruatia e ēnei tikanga ngā āhuatanga e hangaia ai te hapaira tūturu, e āhei ai te whakahaere tika i te parakore o te rauemi whakamutunga, me te
Whakamutunga
He hua pakari, he hua whai hua hoki te mowhiti hapaira i hangaia ki te rauemi hapaira hangai, e tika ana mō ngā momo whakamahinga. Nā tōna māramatanga, tōna pakeketanga, me tōna ātete ki ngā āhuatanga taiao, he mea pai rawa atu mō ngā whakapaipai, ngā tono hangarau, me ētahi atu. Mā te āheinga ki te whakarite i tōna rahi ka tutuki pai ngā whakaritenga takitahi.
E whakaatu ana tēnei hua i te pūmanawa o te hapaira hangai hei rauemi e whakataurite ana i te mahi me te ataahua. Ahakoa mō te whakamahinga whaiaro, mō ngā whakamahinga motuhake rānei, ka tukuna e te mowhiti hapaira te mahi pono me te kounga pumau.
