Rārangi Kaupapa
1. Te Ārai i te Wera i roto i ngā Maramara AI me te Putanga Hou o ngā Rauemi Silicon Carbide
2. Ngā Āhuatanga me ngā Painga Hangarau o ngā Papanga Silicon Carbide
3. Ngā Mahere Rautaki me te Whakawhanaketanga Mahi Tahi a NVIDIA me TSMC
4.Te Ara Whakatinanatanga me ngā Wero Hangarau Matua
5.Ngā Tūmanako Mākete me te Whanuitanga o te Kaha
6. Te Pānga ki te Mekameka Tuku me te Mahi a ngā Kamupene e Pā Ana
7.Ngā Whakamahinga Whānui me te Rahi Mākete Whānui o te Silicon Carbide
8.Ngā Otinga Whakaritenga me te Tautoko Hua a XKH
Kei te whakakorea te arai marara wera o ngā maramara AI o muri mai e ngā rauemi papa silicon carbide (SiC).
E ai ki ngā pūrongo pāpāho o tāwāhi, kei te whakamahere a NVIDIA ki te whakakapi i te rauemi papa takawaenga i roto i te tukanga tākai matatau CoWoS o āna tukatuka o te whakatupuranga e whai ake nei ki te silicon carbide. Kua tono a TSMC ki ngā kaihanga nui kia mahi tahi ki te whakawhanake i ngā hangarau hanga mō ngā papa takawaenga SiC.
Ko te take matua ko te whakapainga o te mahi o ngā maramara AI o nāianei kua pāngia e ngā herenga ā-tinana. I te pikinga ake o te mana o te GPU, ko te whakauru i ngā maramara maha ki roto i ngā whakaurunga silicon ka nui rawa te hiahia mō te whakamarara wera. Kei te tata te wera e puta ana i roto i ngā maramara ki tōna taumata, ā, kāore e taea e ngā whakaurunga silicon tuku iho te whakatau tika i tēnei wero.
Ka Hurihia e ngā Tukatuka NVIDIA ngā Rauemi Whakamarara Wera! Kei te Tata te Pahūtanga o te Hiraka Warowaihā!He haurua whakawhiti whānui te hikareti warowaihā, ā, ko ōna āhuatanga ā-tinana ahurei ka hoatu he painga nui ki a ia i roto i ngā taiao tino kino me te kaha teitei me te rerenga wera nui. I roto i te takai matatau o te GPU, e rua ngā painga matua e tukuna ana e ia:
1. Te Āheinga Whakamarara Wera: Mā te whakakapi i ngā takawaenga silicon ki ngā takawaenga SiC ka taea te whakaiti i te ātete wera mā te tata ki te 70%.
2. Hanganga Mana Whai Hua: Mā te SiC ka taea te waihanga i ngā kōwae whakahaere ngaohiko iti ake, whai hua ake, ka whakapotohia ngā ara tuku mana, ka whakaitihia ngā ngaronga ara iahiko, me te whakarato i ngā urupare iahiko hihiri tere ake, pumau ake mō ngā kawenga rorohiko AI.
Ko te whāinga o tēnei panonitanga he whakatika i ngā wero mō te marara wera e puta mai ana i te whakanui tonu i te mana o te GPU, kia pai ake ai te otinga mō ngā maramara rorohiko mahi teitei.
E 2-3 ngā wā teitei ake te kawe wera o te silicon carbide i tērā o te silicon, ā, ka pai ake te whakahaere wera me te whakaoti rapanga whakamahana i roto i ngā maramara mana-teitei. Mā tōna mahi wera pai ka taea te whakaiti i te pāmahana hononga o ngā maramara GPU mā te 20-30°C, ka tino whakarei ake i te pumau i roto i ngā horopaki rorohiko-teitei.
Ara Whakatinanatanga me ngā Wero
E ai ki ngā puna o te mekameka tuku, ka whakatinanahia e NVIDIA tēnei whakawhiti rauemi i roto i ngā taahiraa e rua:
•2025-2026: Ka whakamahia tonutia e te Rubin GPU o te whakatipuranga tuatahi ngā whakapūtātanga silicon. Kua tono te TSMC ki ngā kaihanga nui kia mahi tahi ki te whakawhanake i te hangarau hanga whakapūtātanga SiC.
•2027: Ka whakauruhia mana ngā pūwero SiC ki roto i te tukanga tākai matatau.
Heoi, he maha ngā wero e pā ana ki tēnei mahere, inā koa i roto i ngā tukanga hanga. He rite te pakeke o te silicon carbide ki te taimana, e hiahia ana ki te hangarau tapahi tino teitei. Mena kāore i te rawaka te hangarau tapahi, ka pōturi pea te mata SiC, ka kore e taea te whakamahi mō ngā takai matatau. Kei te mahi ngā kaihanga taputapu pēnei i a DISCO o Hapani ki te whakawhanake i ngā taputapu tapahi laser hou hei whakatika i tēnei wero.
Ngā Tirohanga o te Ao kei te heke mai
I tēnei wā, ka whakamahia tuatahitia te hangarau interposer SiC i roto i ngā maramara AI tino matatau. Kei te whakamahere a TSMC ki te whakarewa i tētahi CoWoS reticle 7x i te tau 2027 hei whakauru i ētahi atu tukatuka me te mahara, ka whakanui ake i te horahanga interposer ki te 14,400 mm², ka nui ake ai te hiahia mō ngā papa.
E matapaetia ana e Morgan Stanley ka piki ake te kaha tākai CoWoS o te ao ia marama mai i te 38,000 ngā wafer 12-inihi i te tau 2024 ki te 83,000 i te tau 2025 me te 112,000 i te tau 2026. Mā tēnei tipu ka piki ake te hiahia mō ngā ipu SiC.
Ahakoa he nui te utu o ngā papa SiC 12-inihi i tēnei wā, e matapaetia ana ka heke haere ngā utu ki ngā taumata e tika ana i te piki haere o te hanga papatipu, me te pakari haere o te hangarau, ka hangaia he tikanga mō ngā tono tauine nui.
Ehara i te mea ka whakaoti noa ngā whakawhitinga SiC i ngā raruraru whakamarara wera engari ka whakapai ake hoki i te kiato whakaurunga. Tata ki te 90% te rahi o te horahanga o ngā papa SiC 12-inihi i tō ngā papa 8-inihi, e āhei ai te whakawhitinga kotahi ki te whakauru i ētahi atu kōwae Chiplet, e tautoko tika ana i ngā whakaritenga takai CoWoS reticle 7x a NVIDIA.
Kei te mahi tahi a TSMC me ngā kamupene Hapanihi pēnei i a DISCO ki te whakawhanake i te hangarau hanga taputapu SiC. Kia whakauruhia ngā taputapu hou, ka pai ake te haere o te hanga taputapu SiC, ā, e tumanakohia ana ko te tau 2027 te wā tuatahi ka uru atu ki ngā mahi tākai matatau.
Nā tēnei purongo i akiaki i ngā hea e pā ana ki te SiC, i kaha te mahi i te 5 o Hepetema, me te pikinga o te taupū mā te 5.76%. I eke ngā kamupene pēnei i a Tianyue Advanced, Luxshare Precision, me Tiantong Co. ki te rohe pikinga o ia rā, i te mea i piki ake a Jingsheng Mechanical & Electrical me Yintang Intelligent Control neke atu i te 10%.
E ai ki te Daily Economic News, hei whakarei ake i te mahi, kei te whakamahere a NVIDIA ki te whakakapi i te rauemi papa takawaenga i roto i te tukanga tākai matatau a CoWoS ki te silicon carbide i roto i tana mahere whanaketanga tukatuka Rubin o te whakatipuranga e whai ake nei.
E whakaatu ana ngā mōhiohio a te marea he tino pai ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te silicon carbide. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā taputapu silicon, he pai ngā painga o ngā taputapu SiC pērā i te kaha nui o te mana, te iti o te ngaronga mana, me te pumau o te pāmahana teitei. E ai ki a Tianfeng Securities, ko te mekameka ahumahi SiC kei runga ake ko te whakarite i ngā papa SiC me ngā papa epitaxial; ko te waenganui ko te hoahoa, te hanga, me te takai/whakamātautau i ngā taputapu hiko SiC me ngā taputapu RF.
I raro iho, he whānui ngā tono SiC, e kapi ana i ngā ahumahi tekau neke atu, tae atu ki ngā waka hiko hou, ngā photovoltaics, te hanga ahumahi, te kawe waka, ngā teihana turanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me te radar. I roto i ēnei, ka noho te motuka hei mara tono matua mō te SiC. E ai ki a Aijian Securities, i te tau 2028, ka eke te rāngai motuka ki te 74% o te mākete taputapu hiko SiC o te ao.
Mō te rahi o te mākete whānui, e ai ki a Yole Intelligence, ko te rahi o te mākete SiC kawe hiko me te haurua-whakamaroke o te ao he 512 miriona me te 242 miriona, ia, i te tau 2022. E matapaetia ana i te tau 2026, ka eke te rahi o te mākete SiC o te ao ki te 2.053 piriona, me te rahi o te mākete SiC kawe hiko me te haurua-whakamaroke e eke ana ki te 1.62 piriona me te $433 miriona, ia. Ko te tere tipu ā-tau (CAGR) mō ngā papa SiC kawe hiko me te haurua-whakamaroke mai i te tau 2022 ki te 2026 e matapaetia ana kia 33.37% me te 15.66%, ia.
He tohunga a XKH ki te Whakawhanake Whakaritenga me te Hoko Ao o ngā Hua Silicon Carbide (SiC), e tuku ana i te whānuitanga rahi katoa o te 2 ki te 12 inihi mō ngā papa silicon carbide kawe me te haurua-whakamaroke. Ka tautoko mātou i te whakaritenga whaiaro o ngā tawhā pēnei i te whakatakotoranga tioata, te ātete (10⁻³–10¹⁰ Ω·cm), me te matotoru (350–2000μm). He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ā mātou hua i roto i ngā mara teitei tae atu ki ngā waka hiko hou, ngā inverters photovoltaic, me ngā motuka ahumahi. Mā te whakamahi i tētahi pūnaha mekameka tuku pakari me tētahi rōpū tautoko hangarau, ka whakarite mātou i te urupare tere me te tuku tika, hei āwhina i ngā kiritaki ki te whakarei ake i te mahi a te taputapu me te arotau i ngā utu pūnaha.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-12-2025